You might think that a static metal or concrete bollard would be a cheap way of marking off a restricted area or car park. But it can cost up to €30,000 to install a bollard. And costs continue to be incurred, as bollards will typically be damaged by vehicles five or six times in a year. In fact, it is five times cheaper to install a camera and link it to licence plate-reading software and a ‘white list’ of vehicles that are allowed to enter the restricted area, says Erik Dijkshoorn, director of Vigilans, w